Types of Car Batteries: Tips for Car Owners

Article overview

• Understand the basics: Learn the key differences between flooded lead-acid, sealed lead-acid, AGM, gel cell, lithium-ion and other battery types.
• Choose the right fit: Match your vehicle's needs with the right battery type for optimal performance and longevity.
• Maintenance tips: Discover practical advice to extend your battery's lifespan and avoid common pitfalls.
• Budget and compatibility: Explore how vehicle type, budget and warranty options influence your battery choice.

What are the various types of car batteries?

With a simple turn of a key or press of a button, your vehicle roars to life, ready to take on the road. But over time, that seamless start can falter—taking longer, sounding strained or, in the worst case, not starting at all. These are clear warning signs that your car battery is nearing the end of its life and needs replacing.

Before you head to the store to grab the first battery you see, take a moment to research and understand the different types of car batteries available. Not all batteries are created equal, and choosing the wrong one could lead to performance issues or even damage to your vehicle.

Familiarize yourself with options like lead-acid, AGM and lithium-ion batteries, and check your vehicle’s specifications to ensure compatibility. A little knowledge upfront can save you time, money and frustration down the road.

Flooded lead-acid

Lead-acid batteries are the most used automotive batteries. They sit in the zone where reliability meets affordability. These batteries contain an electrolyte solution that requires regular upkeep. To increase your battery lifespan, it’s important to occasionally top it off with distilled water.

Water restores electrolytes without introducing harmful minerals. Without it, batteries may short or lose capacity, and these common batteries have a shorter lifespan than others listed.

Sealed lead-acid

Unlike the flooded batteries, this lead-acid variation is sealed and does not require any added water. They are virtually maintenance-free and leak-proof. They may cost a bit more than the flooded batteries, but their longer lifespan will mean fewer battery swaps.

Additionally, they are better suited to handle the electrical demands of modern vehicles, especially those with start/stop systems.

Two of the prevailing types of sealed lead-acid batteries include absorbent glass mat and gel cell.

• Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM)

AGM batteries are made for increased power demands, efficiency and longevity. They are constructed a little differently than other lead-acid batteries. Rather than a free-flowing electrolyte solution sloshing around in the battery container, these batteries rely on electrolyte-soaked fiberglass mats that are packed tightly between the plates within the battery. These mats provide increased durability and power production, making them ideal for modern vehicles.

• Gel cell

Gel cell batteries are constructed similarly to lead-acid batteries with one key difference. Some of the sulfuric acid is replaced with silica to create a gel-like substance that reduces sloshing and leaking.

This design increases durability by allowing the battery to be more resilient against shock and vibrations. These batteries are resilient to extreme temperatures but aren’t immune. Overexposure to extreme heat will affect the structure of the gel, diminishing its lifespan.

Though these batteries are durable and mostly maintenance-free, they are typically more expensive and have a lower output than AGM batteries. While they can be used for cars, they are ideal for marine use, recreational vehicles and off-roading vehicles due to their shock resistance.

Other types of car batteries

• Enhanced Flooded Batteries (EFB)

These are an upgrade from traditional flooded lead-acid batteries and are designed for vehicles with start/stop systems. They are more affordable than AGM batteries but offer better performance than standard flooded batteries.

• Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH)

Commonly used in hybrid vehicles, these batteries are less expensive than lithium-ion and have a good balance of performance and durability.

• Deep cycle batteries

While not typically used for standard vehicles, they are worth mentioning for RVs, boats and off-road vehicles.

Lithium-Ion

You’ve seen them in your home electronics, but lithium-ion batteries also have vehicle uses. These batteries are predominantly used in electric and hybrid vehicles.

They are designed a little more intricately than their lead-acid counterparts. As a result, they are lightweight, charge faster, store more energy and have a longer lifespan.

However, there are some pitfalls to be aware of:

• Charging: It is detrimental to the longevity of the battery to charge it 100%. Doing so subjects the battery to increased heat, capacity loss and chemical stress. A full 100% charge allows the battery to operate at its maximum voltage which weakens the internal structure of the electrodes. For the best performance, don’t let your battery fall below 20% charge and do not charge it past 80%.
• Replacement costs: The lithium-ion battery needed for an EV is a completely different animal in terms of size and replacement costs in comparison to lead-acid and AGM batteries. These batteries are much larger, power the whole car and are incredibly expensive to replace.
• Temperature sensitivity: These batteries do not operate well in extreme heat or cold. You will see reduced capacity on both ends of the spectrum.

AAA Mobile Car Battery Service

Imagine getting a new battery without ever leaving your home, workplace or even the side of the road. That’s the convenience of AAA Mobile Car Battery Service. This service is designed to get you moving again with minimal disruption to your day.

Here’s what you can expect:

• On-the-spot testing: A technician comes to your location to perform a complete diagnostic test on your current battery and your vehicle’s starting and charging system.

• Immediate replacement: If you need a new battery, the technician can professionally install a high-quality AAA-branded car battery right then and there.

• Hassle-free recycling: We’ll take your old car battery and make sure it’s recycled properly, saving you a trip.

For AAA Members, this service offers exclusive member battery replacement pricing and the ultimate convenience.

Choosing the battery that’s right for your vehicle

It’s important to note that not all batteries are interchangeable. Factors that could affect which battery you need include:

• Vehicle type – Be sure to consult your vehicle’s owner’s manual to determine what battery it requires to function.
• Budget – Battery prices vary significantly by brand, size and style. Lithium-ion and AGM batteries occupy the top-end while lead-acid batteries are more cost effective. If you have the luxury of options for your vehicle, it might be worth stepping up to something that lasts longer. The initial investment may be more, but with it comes longevity.
• Warranty – Be sure to inquire about battery warranties. Some are more robust, covering parts and installation, and labor, while others just cover the battery itself for 24-36 months.

Choosing the right car battery is more than just a matter of convenience—it’s essential for your vehicle’s performance and reliability. By understanding the various types of batteries and their unique features, you can make an informed decision that suits your vehicle, budget and driving habits.

Whether you opt for a cost-effective lead-acid battery, a high-performance AGM or a cutting-edge lithium-ion option, the right choice will keep your car running smoothly and save you from unexpected breakdowns. Don’t forget to recycle your old battery responsibly and consult your owner’s manual for specific recommendations. A little research now can save you a lot of hassle later!